What it does
SUM adds numbers together.
Syntax or pattern
=SUM(number1, [number2], ...)✅
5 practical examples
1
Add a column of values
Total sales values in a range.
=SUM(B2:B100)The basic total formula for reports.
2
Add table column
Total a structured table column.
=SUM(Sales[Amount])Structured references expand with the table.
3
Add separate ranges
Total several non-adjacent ranges.
=SUM(B2:B10,D2:D10,F2:F10)Separate ranges with commas.
4
Sum only visible rows
Use SUBTOTAL when filtered rows matter.
=SUBTOTAL(109,B2:B100)Function 109 ignores filtered-out rows.
5
Add monthly totals
Sum Jan to Dec columns for one row.
=SUM(B2:M2)Useful for row totals.
Common mistakes to avoid
- Selecting ranges with different sizes.
- Using text values where numbers are required.
- Forgetting how blanks and hidden rows are treated.
Related Excel examples
FAQ
Can this formula use Excel Tables?
Yes. Structured references often make summary formulas easier to read.